Layer shift: when the print suddenly moves sideways
A layer shift occurs when part of the print suddenly moves in X or Y and the following layers continue from the wrong position. Common causes include mechanical issues, incorrect belt tension, loose pulleys or a collision between the nozzle and the print.
Identify the direction first
Determine whether the shift occurred in: X or Y This narrows the mechanical checks.
Belts
Incorrect belt tension is a common cause. Use the printer manufacturer's specified method rather than applying values from another printer model.
Pulleys
A loose pulley can move on the motor shaft. Check:
- set screws
- shaft alignment
- manufacturer instructions
Collision
Possible causes:
- warped corner
- excess material
- failed support
- nozzle striking the part
Restricted movement
Power down the printer and follow manufacturer safety instructions before manually checking motion. Check for:
- cables
- debris
- binding axes
- incorrectly seated build plate