Poor layer adhesion: when printed layers separate
When printed layers split apart, the bond between them is not strong enough to withstand cooling stress or the load on the finished part. Common causes include nozzle temperature that is too low, excessive cooling, unstable ambient temperature or an unsuitable material profile.
Temperature
If the nozzle temperature is too low, the new layer may not bond sufficiently to the previous one. Stay within the material manufacturer's range and adjust in small steps.
Cooling
Too much fan can cool the layer too quickly. This is especially relevant for:
- ABS
- ASA
- larger technical parts
Environment
Drafts and large temperature changes can increase internal stress.
Print orientation
Even with good layer adhesion, FDM parts remain direction-dependent. A hook should not be oriented so that the main load simply pulls layers apart.